1903 – Anthracite Coal Commission, set up by President Theodore Roosevelt during a coal miner’s strike, submits its recommendation for shorter hours, a 10-percent wage increase, and an “open shop.”
1917 – The United States is the first nation to recognize the new government of Russia.
1933 – President Franklin Roosevelt signs the Cullen-Harrison Act, legalizing the sale of beer and wine up to 3.4% alcohol.
1941 – James Stewart is inducted into the Army, becoming the first major American movie star to wear a military uniform in World War II.
1944 – More than 600 8th Air Force bombers attack Berlin.
1954 – Northland Center, the world’s largest shopping mall at the time, opens in Oakpark, Michigan.
1957 – “All Shook Up” single released by Elvis Presley.
1960 – First patent for lasers granted to Arthur Schawlow and Charles Townes.
1964 – LPGA Western Open Women’s Golf, Scenic Hills Country Club: Carol Mann won first of two major titles by 2 shots over Ruth Jessen and Judy Kimball.
1965 – United States confirms its troops used chemical warfare against the Viet Cong.
1972 – Kareem Abdul-Jabbar named National Basketball Association’s Most Valuable Player.
1975 – Walt Disney World Shopping Center opens in Lake Buena Vista, Florida.
1981 – US first class postage raised to 18 cents from 15 cents.
1982 – Third NASA Space Shuttle Mission: Columbia 3 launches.
1988 – Congress overrides President Ronald Reagan’s veto of a sweeping civil rights bill.
1996 – STS 76 (Atlantis 16) launches into orbit.
1999 – “Amazed” single released by Lonestar. It’s Billboard Song of the Year for 1999.
2011 – Lawrence Taylor pleads guilty to misdemeanors of sexual misconduct and is sentenced to six years probation.
2014 – The United States and European Union impose sanctions on Russia.
2018 – President Donald Trump imposes $60 billion worth of tariffs on Chinese imports.
2023 – Microsoft founder Bill Gates says development of artificial intelligence (AI) is the most important technological advance since the graphical user interface (GUI) in 1980.
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